3). Pick one concept or idea from the assigned reading, that we have not already discussed, that you found useful or interesting, and discuss it
I thought that the outline of how to evaluate an analogy was really helpful. There are several steps to evaluating an analogy. Some include questioning of the analogy is an argument, and if the analogy is an argument then what is the conclusion. Another step to evaluating an analogy is to figure out what the comparison is within the analogy. Another step includes figuring out what the premises of the analogy on one or both sides of the comparison are. This then leads to questioning what the similarities in the analogy are, and if there are similarities determining a premise that makes up a general principle that covers both sides of the comparison. The next step would be to really deciding if the general principle can be used to cover both sides of the comparison and if the differences matter. The next and final step to evaluating an analogy is to determine if the argument is strong, valid, or good.
Saturday, November 12, 2011
Week 12 Question 2
2). Sometimes when something is difficult to understand, it becomes a bit clearer when we try to explain it to someone else. Which type of reasoning was most difficult to understand? Please do some additional internet research on that specific type of reasoning and discuss what you learned.
I think the reasoning by criteria was the hardest because although there were examples of what to do for an example of my own of the reasoning by criteria there was no specific clarification on which type of example would be best for this reasoning. I think the sign reasoning was the most helpful and the easiest one to understand. I also really liked the website that was used for explaining the sign reasoning, because it also really helped me on understanding the other types of reasoning and lead me to make better examples of each type of reasoning. The other websites that were mentioned were not as straight forward and although there were not that great of examples from the website for the sign reasoning, the very simple examples that were mentioned allowed me to be able to come up with more complex examples on my own. I also kind of had a little trouble on the reasoning by analogy, but once I referred back to the actual book, I was able to understand the definition and how to make an example much more clearly.
I think the reasoning by criteria was the hardest because although there were examples of what to do for an example of my own of the reasoning by criteria there was no specific clarification on which type of example would be best for this reasoning. I think the sign reasoning was the most helpful and the easiest one to understand. I also really liked the website that was used for explaining the sign reasoning, because it also really helped me on understanding the other types of reasoning and lead me to make better examples of each type of reasoning. The other websites that were mentioned were not as straight forward and although there were not that great of examples from the website for the sign reasoning, the very simple examples that were mentioned allowed me to be able to come up with more complex examples on my own. I also kind of had a little trouble on the reasoning by analogy, but once I referred back to the actual book, I was able to understand the definition and how to make an example much more clearly.
Friday, November 11, 2011
Week 12 Question 1
1). Read through the different types of reasoning posted to the instructors blog. Give an example of each type of reasoning outlined on the instructors blog. The example should be something the folks in class can relate to, so try to use real world examples.
1). Reasoning by Analogy
Example: Doing drugs because it is "cool" is like committing a murder because your "role model" told you to.
2). Sign Reasoning
Example: Where there is girls, there is drama.
3). Casual Reasoning
Example: Drunk driving causes injury or death.
4). Reasoning by Criteria
Example: Either when I walk outside my home it will be hot or cold. If it is cold outside when I walk out, it is not going to be hot.
5). Reasoning by Example
Example: You should go to the Jessica's party and make friends. My best friend went to one of her parties and she ended up making over a dozen friends.
6). Inductive
Example: I drive to school every Monday and Wednesday morning at 7:00 am. Tomorrow is Wednesday so I will drive to school at 7:00 am.
7). Deductive
Example: All green vegetables are healthy. Broccoli is a green vegetable. Broccoli is healthy.
1). Reasoning by Analogy
Example: Doing drugs because it is "cool" is like committing a murder because your "role model" told you to.
2). Sign Reasoning
Example: Where there is girls, there is drama.
3). Casual Reasoning
Example: Drunk driving causes injury or death.
4). Reasoning by Criteria
Example: Either when I walk outside my home it will be hot or cold. If it is cold outside when I walk out, it is not going to be hot.
5). Reasoning by Example
Example: You should go to the Jessica's party and make friends. My best friend went to one of her parties and she ended up making over a dozen friends.
6). Inductive
Example: I drive to school every Monday and Wednesday morning at 7:00 am. Tomorrow is Wednesday so I will drive to school at 7:00 am.
7). Deductive
Example: All green vegetables are healthy. Broccoli is a green vegetable. Broccoli is healthy.
Saturday, November 5, 2011
Week 11 Question 3
3). Pick one concept from the assigned reading this week, not already discussed, that you found useful or interesting and discuss it.
I think that in the first question I pretty much covered everything that helped me in this chapter and I feel like this chapter was by far the most interesting to me, because now, especially while viewing advertisements on the television and on the internet, I will be able to use and connect these appeals to emotions with the advertisements. Granted not all of them will be good arguments, but this chapter really helped me I think now and will continue to help me in the future.
I think that in the first question I pretty much covered everything that helped me in this chapter and I feel like this chapter was by far the most interesting to me, because now, especially while viewing advertisements on the television and on the internet, I will be able to use and connect these appeals to emotions with the advertisements. Granted not all of them will be good arguments, but this chapter really helped me I think now and will continue to help me in the future.
Week 11 Question 2
2). Pertaining to page 195, complete objective 1, 2, 3, 6 OR 7.
http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1408&bih=613&tbm=isch&tbnid=2n3AbfOv-0YT-M:&imgrefurl=http://jjseno.blogspot.com/2011/10/emotionalizing-business-part-2emotions.html&docid=XZYvirqEAXnI4M&imgurl=https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbx_FONN5kLgZlCMSjOrqBR6CdkVPZBr6h8DQ71SAM2sVHgSEkYxsbd5xLs29h1mI6bwgkcrgwnzqWBEIL6FRb-0P-Uy-yJ6487_uUB0I6tPrIWDlz4AFuIfz6mdQLvxydhoANeLi4cCY/s1600/Fear%252Bad%252Ba%252Breal%252Bone.jpg&w=500&h=375&ei=SSy2TozZE8OTiQLes-g7&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=403&vpy=140&dur=297&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=150&ty=106&sig=104908340232940388573&page=1&tbnh=134&tbnw=179&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0
This advertisement demonstrates appeal to fear because its insinuating that most people fear what their cholesterol levels are. Most people our age (18-25) would think that a final exam (what the advertisers are comparing cholesterol to) would be much scarier than a cholesterol blood check, but what the advertisement is trying to get across is that cholesterol tests are scary for some people, especially those who do not care about their body and do not eat well. I am sure if this advertisement had something to sell, it would be selling cholesterol pills or a diet or a weight management program or something, but from this point of view, its just trying to invoke fear into people about their cholesterol, to make people worry about it, therefore take care of themselves and their bodies. I think this advertisement is a very good argument, because it has good evidence and premises.
http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1408&bih=613&tbm=isch&tbnid=2n3AbfOv-0YT-M:&imgrefurl=http://jjseno.blogspot.com/2011/10/emotionalizing-business-part-2emotions.html&docid=XZYvirqEAXnI4M&imgurl=https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbx_FONN5kLgZlCMSjOrqBR6CdkVPZBr6h8DQ71SAM2sVHgSEkYxsbd5xLs29h1mI6bwgkcrgwnzqWBEIL6FRb-0P-Uy-yJ6487_uUB0I6tPrIWDlz4AFuIfz6mdQLvxydhoANeLi4cCY/s1600/Fear%252Bad%252Ba%252Breal%252Bone.jpg&w=500&h=375&ei=SSy2TozZE8OTiQLes-g7&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=403&vpy=140&dur=297&hovh=194&hovw=259&tx=150&ty=106&sig=104908340232940388573&page=1&tbnh=134&tbnw=179&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0
This advertisement demonstrates appeal to fear because its insinuating that most people fear what their cholesterol levels are. Most people our age (18-25) would think that a final exam (what the advertisers are comparing cholesterol to) would be much scarier than a cholesterol blood check, but what the advertisement is trying to get across is that cholesterol tests are scary for some people, especially those who do not care about their body and do not eat well. I am sure if this advertisement had something to sell, it would be selling cholesterol pills or a diet or a weight management program or something, but from this point of view, its just trying to invoke fear into people about their cholesterol, to make people worry about it, therefore take care of themselves and their bodies. I think this advertisement is a very good argument, because it has good evidence and premises.
Wednesday, November 2, 2011
Week 11 Question 1
Discuss the idea of Appeal to Emotion. There are different aspects of Appeal to Emotion, which type of Appeal to Emotion strikes you, and why?
An appeal to emotion is stating a premise within an argument based on how one feels or thinks due to his or her own emotions.
There are a lot of different aspects of appeals to emotion. One that is appeal to pity, which is stating a premise within an argument based on feeling bad or sorry for someone or something, for example a lost puppy or a kidnapped baby.
Another aspect of an appeal to emotion is an appeal to spite, which is stating a premise within an argument based on hoping for revenge. An appeal to spite, expressed the idea that two wrongs make a right, for example since Courtney did not clean the bathroom, then I am not going to do it (if she's not going to do it then why should I? Or if she's not going to do it then neither am I).
Another aspect of an appeal to emotion is calls in your debts appeal, which is basically the opposite of an appeal to spite, therefore one should do something or have faith in something or someone because a person owes someone something. For example, well Charlie helped me study for my exam, so I should buy him some lunch.
An appeal to emotion is stating a premise within an argument based on how one feels or thinks due to his or her own emotions.
There are a lot of different aspects of appeals to emotion. One that is appeal to pity, which is stating a premise within an argument based on feeling bad or sorry for someone or something, for example a lost puppy or a kidnapped baby.
Another aspect of an appeal to emotion is an appeal to spite, which is stating a premise within an argument based on hoping for revenge. An appeal to spite, expressed the idea that two wrongs make a right, for example since Courtney did not clean the bathroom, then I am not going to do it (if she's not going to do it then why should I? Or if she's not going to do it then neither am I).
Another aspect of an appeal to emotion is calls in your debts appeal, which is basically the opposite of an appeal to spite, therefore one should do something or have faith in something or someone because a person owes someone something. For example, well Charlie helped me study for my exam, so I should buy him some lunch.
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